4(17) 2011

Article	NOOSPHERE RECONSTRUCTION AND ANTROPOGEOCENOZ OF RURAL SETTLEMENTS
Authors	Z. Gayevskaya, Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Abstract	An unfavorable state of many rural settlements as well as industrial and agricultural enterprises, the population outflow, especially youth, from the countryside, desolation of territories, etc., these issues appeal to the necessity of starting a noosphere reconstruction of rural settlements of Non-Black Earth Region. The noosphere type of being demands a transition from the subject who is a nature-consumer, to the subject operating the socio-natural harmony (Subetto A.I.), which causes a replacement of the central hierarchical structures with network ones, and leads to the alternative design forecasting (Guryanov G., Turkatenko М.). The alternative design forecasting may be based on the typological characteristics by replacement of a detailed description with a model. The model is a bridge between observation and theory. The basic function of typological characteristics is "portrait making", which is a replacement of the detailed description with a model, that is a type image.Typological models are formed on distinction and comparison of qualitative characteristics of activity in space. Such formation is possible on the basis of getting information in regard to the features of historically developed complexes in economy and culture. According to Alekseev V.P., a basis of economic - cultural types of the landscape was an elementary unit – antropogeocenoz in the form of a triad – «nature-population-economy». Till now this concept has not been entered into the town-planning theory. Borders of antropogeocenoz are not clear. Theoretical bases of its town-planning formation have not been found out. The knowledge of theoretical bases of town-planning formation of antropogeocenoz is the «key» to the assumption of spatial town-planning typology of rural settlements and their territorial groups, which is important and necessary for working out of the complex program of revival and noosphere development of the countryside.
Keywords:	antropogeocenoz, noosphere, typology, nature, population, economy, reconstruction
	Article (RUS)
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