FRANCESCO DI GIORGIO MARTINI AND THE EMERGENCE OF THE TRACE ITALIENNE FORTIFICATIONS IN THE ITALIAN RENAISSANCE

The paper deals with the problem of the emergence of the bastioned fortresses that took place in the late XV century in Italy and gained European success during the XVI century. The progress in artillery that went fast during the second half of the XV century called into being a range of innovations in the field of the medieval fortification that were to some extend the antecedents of bastioned fortresses. But the turning point in the development of fortification took place when those innovations joined with the idea of the ideal city – one of the main ideas of the architectural thought of the Italian Renaissance. And that turning point took place due to an outstanding person who was painter, architect, translator of Vitruvius and engineer Francesco di Giorgio Martini of Siena.

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