Temple architecture in the EmperOR’S Palace IN THE Tver CITY

This article analyzes the architectural solutions of significant historical and architectural monument – the Tver Imperial Palace. We presented information on the history of the construction of the palace and the different periods of reconstruction. Was stressed the unity of the temple and secular architecture and the absence of it’s opposition. The paper noted that the palace due to the temple received peculiarity of the spatial composition – the twin towers with domes in the southern tip of the wings. We examined the evolution of architecture of house church and its interior decoration. Medieval church in the part of the bishop's court was historically tiered building with a bell tower built over the temple. Restructuring of the 1730-s simplified the temple and reduced the number of tiers in its completion. In 1763-1773 years a new church of St. Catherine located on historic site of the house church. Greek cross put at the base of the temple, its branches are covered by four barrel vaults, and a planning central square – a dome on pendentives. The iconostasis in the middle of the XVIII century was the domed rotunda. In the XIX century built single-tiered altar barrier. The article presents the drawings, developed by the author as a graphic reconstruction of the object of research. We consider an example of a long interaction between the church and secular architecture in a single building. This survey is actual for contemporary building of temples in the composition of secular public buildings.

1. Borisov S.V. Evropejskaya stilistika xviii–xix vekov v sovremennom rossijskom hramostroenii [The European style of the XVIII‒XIX centuries in the modern Russian church construction. Bulletin of the Tomsk State Architectural University]. 2014, no. 2, pp. 38‒52.
2. Borisov S.V. K voprosu o prognozirovanii razvitiya tekhnologij vozvedeniya pravoslavnyh hramov [On the question of forecasting the development of technology of erection of the Orthodox churches. Regional architecture and engineering]. 2014, no. 4(21), pp. 132‒137.
3. Borisov S.V. Metodika poiska analogov pri proektirovanii ikonostasov pravoslavnyh hramov [Methods of search analogues in the design iconostases of Orthodox churches. Bulletin of Irkutsk State Technical University]. 2015, no. 3(98), pp. 124–130.
4. Borisov S.V. Tradicionnye planirovochnye resheniya pravoslavnyh prihodskih hramov – aktualnost sovremennogo primeneniya [Traditional planning solutions Orthodox parish churches: contemporary relevance of the application. Regional architecture and engineering]. 2013, no. 3(17), no. 168–173.
5. Voronin N.N. Tverskoj kreml v XV veke [Tver Kremlin in the XV century. To the content of the 24th issue of short communications of the Institute of History of Material Culture]. Available at: http://arheologija.ru/voronin-tverskiy-kreml-v-xv-veke
6. Drevnerusskoe gradostroitelstvo x–xv vekov [Ancient Russian Urbanism X–XV centuries]. Ed. Gulyanitsky N.F. Moscow, 1993, 392 p.
7. Komarov B. Chertezh goroda tveri do pereplanirovki XVIII veka [Plans city of Tver before redevelopment of the XVIII century. Architectural heritage]. Vol. 6, Moscow, State Publishing House of Literature on Construction and Architecture, 1956, pp. 150–153.
8. Kuznetsov A.V. Tektonika I konstrukciya centricheskih zdanij [Tectonics and design centric buildings]. Moscow, State Publishing House of Architecture and Urban Planning, 1951, 273 p.
9. Raykov G.P., Cheremskaya Y.Y. Imperatorskij dvorec v Tveri [The Imperial Palace in Tver]. Saint Petersburg, 2015, 256 p.
10. Salimov A.M. Srednevekovoe zodchestvo Tveri I prilezhashchih zemel xii–xvi veka [Medieval architecture Tver and adjacent lands XII-XVI century. The dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Arts]. Saint Petersburg, 2015, Available at: http://www.rusmuseum. ru /files/rusmuseum/diser/2015/salimov/20/10/2015/salimov_ text_diser.pdf
11. Saprykina N.A. Osobennosty formirovania sredy obitaniya v kontekste dynamicheskoy adaptatcii arhitekturnogo prostranstva [Features of formation living environment in the context of a dynamic adaptation the architectural space. Volga Scientific Herald]. 2015, no. 1 (41), pp. 93‒97.
12. Shchenkov A.S. Opyt rekonstrukcii plana Tveri konca XVII v. [Experience reconstruction plan Tver end of the XVII century. Architectural heritage]. Vol. 28, Moscow, Stroyizdat, 1980.