3(16) 2011

Article	PROBLEMS OF INHERITANCE AND THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURE IN THE GENESIS OF ARCHITECTURAL FORMS. From the ancient world to antiquity
Authors	A. Musatov, Moscow Institute of Architecture (State academy), Moscow, Russia
Abstract	Problems of communication, of the influence of cultures, as well as various types of inheritance in the past decades have been the subject of special studies for specialists in the history of architecture worldwide. Many techniques of creating the architectural forms were developed in the first states of the world. They were based on a geometric proportioning and apparently had a deep sacral meaning. The article examines one of the most common methods of building on a diagonal of a half of the square, developed by Egyptian architects. It is assumed that similar methods were used in Crete. Later civilizations inherited formal techniques of the ancients, although without the religious base. Major works from different countries of ancient times were built using the diagonal of the square that was one hundred Attic feet long. These buildings include the Athenian Parthenon, the Pantheon in Rome, Hagia Sophia in Constantinople. Based on the analysis of forms, and historical and cultural context, a fundamentally new structure of the first reconstruction of the dome of the Hagia Sophia is made. A completely different principle of proportioning the plan and section of the cathedral is offered.
Keywords:	architecture, history, architectural form, proportionality, commensurability, construction of form, continuity of traditions
	Article (RUS)
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