3(36) 2016

Article	MACRO-SPACES OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT
Authors	A. Krasheninnikov, Moscow Institute of Architecture (State Academy), Moscow, Russia
Abstract	The research is aimed at the integration of different concepts of architectural space as a field of architecture and geography, philosophy and sociology. Macro-space concept as a structural element of the city residential environment was formulated by the author in 1985 on the basis of theories of "Environmental Behavior in Built Environment”. Since then, there was a process constant saturation and structuring of cognitive models of the urban environment of the system, taking into account the latest developments in the theory and urban planning practice and sociology: «Pattern Language», «Spatial Behavior», «Built Environment», ”Hetero-topology”, «Space Syntax», «Recombinant Urbanism» and others. Significant changes in the micro- and mezzo-spaces have been described in the preceding two articles [1,2]. This article summarizes the testing experience of introducing macro-level models in urban planning and design. Macro space – is the common term for a number of typological models of built environment, models that are corresponding archetypes of space structure and social event. The paper shows how the spatial factors (shape, size, and borders of macro-space) interconnected with the public social practices and the status of a city space, that is seen through Availability and Connectivity of events. Based on two criteria: accessibility / connectivity we offer three basic types of macrospace: -Enclave, -Region, and Realm, – which provide the conceptual framework for integration of research data on spatial structure of urbanized territory. Study is financially supported by RFBR in the framework of the 13-00-00001a research project.
Keywords:	macro-space, social control, built environment, cognitive urbanism, architectural space
	Article (RUS)
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