4(21) 2012

Article	EVOLUTION OF UNDERSTANDING SPACE IN ARCHITECTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN
Authors	Lobanov E., St. Petersburg State University of Technology and Design, St. Petersburg, Russia
Abstract	The paper describes the evolution of theoretical understanding of the concepts of space, form and function in the European architecture and environmental design from the end of the XIX century to the 70s of the XX century. The comparative analysis of the texts of architects and architectural theorists belonging to this period was carried out. There are parallels between the three types of scientific rationality (as Stepin V.S.) and the three paradigms of architectonic thought: classical, non-classical and post-non-classical. The question is about the importance of fractal geometry to the architecture and environmental design.
Keywords:	spatial design, non-linear architecture, post-non-classical paradigm, fractal geometry
	Article (RUS)
References	Spengler O. Zakat Evropy [The Decline of the West]. V. 2 (excerpts). Sud`ba iskusstva i kul`tury v zapadno-evropeyskoy mysli XX veka [The fate of art and culture in Western thought in XX century]. Moscow, 1979, pp. 27-32. Loos A. Arhitektura[Architecture]. Mastera arhitektury ob arhitekture [Masters of Architecture about architecture]. Moscow, 1971, pp. 148-157. Stepin V.S. Teoreticheskoe znanie [Theoretical knowledge]. Moscow, 2003, 744 p. Shopengaujer A. Mir kak volja i predstavlenie [The World as Will and Representation]. V.2, Moscow, 1993, 669 p. Sant'Elia A. Mastera arhitektury ob arhitekture [Masters of Architecture about architecture]. Moscow, 1971, pp. 163-167. Dusburg, T. van. Mastera arhitektury ob arhitekture [Masters of Architecture about architecture]. Moscow, 1971, pp. 280-283. Dzevi B. Mastera arhitektury ob arhitekture [Masters of Architecture about architecture]. Moscow, 1971, pp. 466-487. Tange K. Mastera arhitektury ob arhitekture [Masters of Architecture about architecture]. Moscow, 1971, pp. 418-419. Tange K. Kendzo Tange. 1949-1969. Arhitektura i gradostroitel’stvo [Kenzo Tange. 1949-1969. Architecture and Urbanism]. Moscow,1978, 256 p. Dobricyna I.A. Ot postmodernizma – k nelinejnoj arhitekture [From a postmodernism to the non-linear architecture]. Moscow, 2004, 416 p. Dzhenks Ch. Jazyk arhitektury postmodernizma [The Language of Post-Modern Architecture]. Moscow, 1985, 136 p. Venturi R. Iz knigi “Slozhnost` i protivorechija v arhitekture” [From the book “Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture”]. Mastera arhitektury ob arhitekture [Masters of Architecture about architecture]. Moscow, 1971, pp. 543-558. Eco U. Otsutstvujushhaja struktura [The Absent Structure]. St.-Petersburg, 1998, 432 p. Mandelbrot B. Fraktal’naja geometrija prirody [The Fractal Geometry of Nature]. Moscow: Institut komp’juternyh issledovanij [Institute of Computer Science], 2002, 656 p. Ayrapetov A.A. Voprosy teorii arhitektury. Arhitekturno-teoreticheskaja mysl` Novogo I Novejshego vremeni [Questions of architectural theory. Architectural and theoretical thinking of modern and contemporary times]. Moscow, 2006, pp. 305-320.